西方餐桌禮儀英語
小編在這里介紹西方的餐桌禮儀 英語版
西方餐桌禮儀(英語版)
1.
TABLE MANNERS AT A DINNER PARTY:
People who go to a formal Western dinner party for the first time may be surprised by table manners in Western culture.
Knowing them will help you make a good impression.
Having good table manners means knowing,for example,how to use knives and forks,when to drink a toast and how to behave at the table.
Beside your napkin you will find a small bread roll and three glasses—one for white wine,one for the red wine,and one for water.
There are two pairs of knives and forks on the table,forks on the left and knives in the right of the plate.
When you see two spoons,the big one id for the suop and the samll one for the dessert.
The knife and fork that are closest to your plate are a litte bit bigger than the ones beside them.
When you sit down at the table, you can take your napkin, unfold it and put it on your lap.
In Chinese you sometime get a hot,damp cloth to clean your face and face and hands,whinch,however,is nat the custom in Western countries.
Dinner start with a small dish, which is often called a starter.
Sime people pray before they start eating , and other people may keep silent for a moment.
Then you can say"Enjoy your meal"to each other and everybody start eating.
For the starter,which you eat with the smaller pair,you keep the knife in your right hand and the fork in your left.
After the starter you will get a bowl of soup—but only one boel of soup and never ask for a seconf serving.
The next dish is the main course.
Many Westerners think the chicken breast with its tender white flesh is the best part of the bird.
Some people can use their fingers when they eating chicken or other birds,but never touch beef or other meat in bones.
It is polite to finish eating everthing on your plate,so don't take more food than you need.
At table ,you should try to speak quietly and smile a lot,but do not laugh all the time.
Most Westerners like soft drink if they will drive home.
Many of them drink white or red wine with the food.
When drinking to someone's health,you raise your glasses,but the glasses should not touch.
The custom of toasting in some parts of China is to finish the drink at once,but Westerners usually take only a sip.
For drinking during a dinner,the best advic is never to drink too much.
Table manners change over time.
They follow the fashion of the day .
Beside,table manners are only important at formal dinner parties.
If you're not sure what to do ,you can always follow your hosts.
Although good manners always make you look good,you do not need to worry about all these rules while having dinner with your friends or family.
2.
Sit up straigh,keep your elbows off the table,and silence your cell phone.
Dishes are passed from left to right
Do try a little of everything on your plate
When a lady arrives or leaves the table,it‘s polite for all gentleman at the table of to stand up.
Always say“Please“and “Thankyou“.
Thank the host and hotess before leaving.
3.
Every culture in the world is equal, with no one being dominant or recessive to another.
We should avoid using our own culture, morality and value to judge foreign culture.
We should treat foreign culture objectively and comprehendly.
內容提要
本文主要講中西方餐桌禮儀的不同點和相同點.
在當今社會,隨著中西方跨文化交流的平凡以及中西方禮儀的影響加深,導致雙方餐桌禮儀方面的差異產生.
本文著重于比較中西方在餐桌禮儀.
例如,就餐是人們不同的入座方式,不同的飲食概念以及不同的餐具等等.
此外還會指出不同國家中的一些用餐禁忌來幫助人們更好的理解餐桌禮儀。通過此法,我們可以更加了解西方國家的文化背景,并且建立起良好的關系.
關鍵詞:餐桌禮儀;文化背景;餐桌文化
Abstract
This paper mainly focuses on the differences of table manners of China and Western countries.
In our modern society, the cross-culture communication between China and Western countries becomes a hot issue and the influences of Chinese and Western etiquette are increasingly profound, which causes the differences in table manners.
In this paper, we attach more importance to the different table manners of China and Western countries, such as, the different ways people sit for a meal, different dining concepts and different table wares and so on.
Meanwhile, it helps us understand the situation.
In this way, we can know well the western countries’ cultural background, and can set up a harmonious relationship with the westerns.
Key words: table manners; cultural background; table culture
Contents
Introduction
With the development of global economy, cross-culture communication has become more and more frequent, and the differences between Chinese and western culture have become more obvious, especially the differences of table manners.
Having dinner is more than the basic necessity of life.
Instead, having dinner is an important part of social formulae.
“John Loke, a famous British philosopher once said, the purpose of playing a ceremonial role is to change the original stubborn to gentle, so that people’s temper can become more moderate and let people learn to respect for others and get along with each others.
” (Duan, Chen, 2008) There is no doubt that sometimes some strangers become acquaintances, those acquaintances get a better understanding of the other even to the germination of love.
Because table manner is so fantastic that it does us a favor on acquiring more information, opening up eyesight and expanding the circle of communication.
It is obvious that table manners are quite important in people’s everyday life.
There are numberless differences between Chinese and western food cultures, and those differences cause the differences of table manners.
China is one of the four earliest civilizations in the world.
Chinese nation is the only inheritance millennium civilization.
Western society went through the darkness of Middle Ages and then came to Renaissance, gave birth to capitalism and modern civilization.
Today, with the economic globalization, international commercial activities have become more and more frequently and cross-culture communication has come into every nation’s daily life.
In international commercial negotiations, Chinese representatives might have dinners with foreign representatives, while in daily life we might be invited to dinners by foreign friends.
This paper mainly talks about the differences of table manners between two cultures, to analyze the causes, aim to achieve cross-culture communication more successfully.
2.
Differences of table manners
“Social customs differ greatly from one country to another.
It is therefore impossible to give guidelines that are universally applicable.
Generally speaking, you should act naturally, always remaining friendly, courteous, and dignified.
” (Qian, 2006)
The core ideology of Chinese culture is collective consciousness while the western thought core is individualism.
So when western people are invited to dinner or party, they order their own food and drink their own wine, to avoid working their wills to other people.
While Chinese people would consider it as unreasonable behavior because in Chinese culture, individual must obey collective consciousness.
Chinese people value harmonization, and there is an old saying that “Harmony is most precious.
” So Chinese people like to dine together and eat together.
1 Arrangement of seat in Chinese way
Chinese people always choose round tables when entertaining friends.
There are lots of rules in China about where to put the round table and which seat takes precedence on the same table.
In China, people used to use the number of the tables to define the size of banquet.
In small banquets which have two tables, the table on the left or farther to the portal is the top table.
At bigger banquets that have three or more tables, the rules are much more complicated.
The top table is always on the right hand and farthest to the portal.
Besides, the distance to the top table is also taken into consideration.
Generally, seats that closer to the top table take precedence.
For example, on the wedding party, family members of the bride or the leaderships are arranged to the table that closest to the top table.
Hosts show their reverences to the guests by arranging seats by this way.
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